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Humans and the Environment

Oregon Trail

Directions
Essential Questions
Keywords
Primary Sources Links
Video Streaming
Dewey Number
Non-Fiction
Fiction
EALRs
Graphic Organizer (teacher created) 
Graphic Organizer (sample)
Movie Script (Used at Prairie View and Brentwood)

 

It is important to understand how the environment affects our lives and how we affect the environment. You will write an essay or develop a presentation analyzing the interaction between a group of people and their environment. 

Student Directions:

In a cohesive paper or presentation, you will:

  • Draw a conclusion about how people affect the environment and how the environment affects people.
  • Explain how studying how people interact with the environment helps us understand current issues.
  • Explain three or more ways people affect their environment as they meet their needs.
  • Explain how the environment influences the development of a culture's lifestyle, traditions, and beliefs with three or more examples.
  • Use a map to explain the interaction between people and their environment.
  • List two (in addition to the map) sources including the title and author of each source that provide information on the interaction between people and the environment.

Possible Essential Question:

  • How did the environment affect the pioneers on the Oregon Trail and how did they affect the environment as they met their needs?

Keywords: 

  • Pioneers
  • Oregon Trail
  • Westward Expansion

Primary Sources:

  1. Museum of Arts and Culture. The MAC has an extensive collection of artifacts and teacher resource materials. A traveling trunk is also available. Call the Education Department at (509) 363-5306 to arrange a presentation. http://www.northwestmuseum.org/northwestmuseum/

Video Streaming:

The program examines the allure of the untamed West, the richness of the fur trading industry and its key to unlocking a successful land route from the Atlantic to the Pacific known as the Oregon Trail. Explore the personalities of the first Anglo-Americans to cross the Trail inhabited by the Plains Indians: Nathaniel Wyeth, James Bridger, Kit Carson, Thomas Fitzpatrick, and Henry Chatillon. Shows how these men inspired “Oregon Fever” in 1842, causing over 5000 people to eventually settle in Oregon in a three year period. Living history segments explore life in a covered wagon along the Oregon Trail and shed light on the decision to uproot one’s family for a journey that held no guarantee of success or survival.
Teacher's Guide   Curriculum Standards  
Grade: 6-8           © 2001 Rainbow Educational Media
This video contains 14 segments
Discover why thousands of Americans left their homes in the East to endure months of hardship to settle in the West. Describes life on a wagon train. Learn about the special challenges of the trip, as well as the day-to-day routine, via re-enactments of the entire trip between Missouri and the West Coast.
Curriculum Standards  
Grade: 3-5    © 1998 100% Educational Videos
This video contains 7 segments
The early expansion of the new United States of America dramatically changes where and how Native Americans lived. In this video, students learn the effects of this expansion on Native Americans. Students learn about the claims of Spain, France and Great Britain on North America; the effects of the Louisiana Purchase, the Lewis and Clark Expedition, how the U.S. government dealt with Native Americans and the spread of white settlers over the Oregon Trail. The video blends historical images and live-action video. Native Americans and historians tell how expansion affected the United states we know today.
Blackline Masters   Teacher's Guide   Curriculum Standards  
Grade: 6-8           © 2001 United Learning
This video contains 9 segments
"Part One: Explorers and Fur Traders"
Early exploration, the Lewis and Clark expedition, the disruption of native cultures, and the role of the Hudson's Bay Company are presented in a clear and concise manner. We witness the early stages of the pioneer adventure as families sell their farms, pack their belongings in wagons and travel to Independence, Missouri, the start of the Oregon Trail.
"Part Two: The Oregon Trail"
Follows the five-month journey of a typical wagon trains. Preparations for the trip, disease, Indian problems, and homesteading are all presented in rich detail providing an intimate view of the adventures and hardships of the pioneer experience.
Blackline Masters   Teacher's Guide   Curriculum Standards  
Grade: 6-8           © 1990 United Learning
This video contains 19 segments
Students witness the expansion of America from the early colonies through the acceptance of Hawaii as our fiftieth state. Includes a look at the formation of the first 13 colonies, the French and Indian War, The Revolutionary War, The Louisiana Purchase, Florida and the Seminole Indians, The Westward Movement, The Mexican-American War, The California Gold Rush, Manifest Destiny, Oregon Territory, Alaska Purchase, and Hawaii.
Curriculum Standards  
Grade: 2-5    © 2001 100% Educational Videos
This video contains 14 segments
This program traces the westward expansion of the United States. It describes the treaties and military campaigns that pushed borders westward while armies of emigrants, inspired by the doctrine of Manifest Destiny, tramped toward their Promised Land. Live-action reenactments depict pioneer life on the wagon trains and in the tent settlements that sprung up at trail's end.
Blackline Masters   Teacher's Guide   Curriculum Standards  
Grade: 6-8           © 1998 United Learning
This video contains

 

Additional Links

  1. The Oregon-Trail Home page Contains a complete primer on the Oregon Trail, historic sites on the trail, facts, and diaries and memoirs. Site was developed to accompany the award-winning PBS video.
  2. Oregon Trail History Library At The End of the Oregon Trail Interpretative Center, you can find information about provisions and prices of the era, prairie schooner diagram, frequently asked questions about the trail, maps, and biographies of pioneers of the time. Great site!
  3. TRAILS OVERVIEW A short history of the Oregon and other trails. Be sure to visit the Oregon Trail Shortcuts to find out about the numerous attempts to create "shortcuts" along the trail. Some are listed on this page.
  4. FORT LARAMIE National Historic Site Information about this historic site along the trail from the National Parks Service. Click on "IN depth" to take the virtual tour.
  5. Whitman Museum National Historic Site Has several activities for learning and teaching about the history of the Pacific Northwest and the Oregon Trail. Teachers click here to download activities.
  6. PIONEERS What was life like on the trail for early pioneers? Visit this ThinkQuest site to find out.
  7. The Overland Trail Links--Everyday Life Along The Trail
  8. National Historic Oregon Trail Interpretative Center at Flagstaff Hill Click on "Teachers and Kids" to access coloring pages, information about kids on the trail and more. Teachers can download the Oregon Trail Resource Guide.

Lewis and Clark

  1. Trail Tribes. This site studies the Lewis and Clark Expedition and cultural changes since the journey. Native American, historical, and scientific perspectives are presented. Select a section of the map to access video clips and information on traditional and contemporary culture of the area. Tribes discussed include the Lakota, Mandan, Hidatsa, Arikara, Blackfoot, Shoshone, Bannock, Umatilla, Walla Walla, Cayuse, and Chinook. From the University of Montana-Missoula. http://www.traintribes.org/umatilla/whos-who.htm#cayuse

    Dewey Numbers:

    • 978 - Oregon Trail

    Non-Fiction:

    • 392 -  Williams, Jacqueline B. Wagon wheel kitchens: food on the Oregon trail. University Press of Kansas, c1993., 222p
      Re-creates the highs and lows of cooking and eating on the Oregon Trail.

    • 394.1 -  Gunderson, Mary.  Oregon trail cooking. Blue Earth, c2000., RL 5.3, 32p
      Examines the history of the Oregon Trail, focusing on the types of foods eaten by westward-bound pioneers, and includes recipes, as well as advice on kitchen safety and cooking equipment.
    • 978 -  Blashfield, Jean F. The Oregon Trail. Compass Point Books, 2000, c2001., RL 5.5, 48p
      An introductory history of the Oregon Trail and its significance in opening the West to settlers, including information on the people who opened the Trail, their reasons for going West, modes of transportation, and a description of a typical day on the Trail.
    • 978 - Burger, James P. The Oregon Trail. PowerKids Press, 2002., RL 6.4, 24p
      Provides information about the Oregon Trail and the experiences of pioneers who set out to make the arduous journey in covered wagons during the 1800s.
    • 978 - Crewe, Sabrina. The Oregon Trail. Gareth Stevens Pub., 2005., RL 5.7, 32p
      Examines the history of the Oregon Trail, a path that stretched over two thousand miles from Missouri to the Pacific Northwest, discusses the role of the trail in westward expansion, and looks at what it was like to travel the Oregon Trail.
    • 978 - Dean, Arlan. The Oregon Trail: from Independence, Missouri, to Oregon City, Oregon. PowerKids Press, 2003., RL 4.2, 24p
      Describes the Oregon Trail and the pioneers who settled in the Pacific Northwest.
    • 978 -  Francis, Dorothy Brenner. Courage on the Oregon Trail. Perfection Learning, c2003., RL 2.8, 40p
      Presents a fictional story about a nineteenth-century family's trek along the Oregon Trail, and describes the challenges and dangers people faced on the journey, presenting photos of real families.
    • 978 - Isaacs, Sally Senzell, Life on the Oregon Trail. Heinemann Library, c2001., RL 5.4, 32p
      An introduction to what life was like on the Oregon Trail, describing the wagons, daily routines, food, clothing, Native Americans encountered on the way, and dangers.
    • 978 - Landau, Elaine. The Oregon Trail. Children's Press, 2006., RL 5.7, 47p
      Describes the experiences of pioneers who set off along the Oregon Trail in the mid-nineteenth century in search of a better life in the unsettled West.
      RC: 4.5 3 Lexile: 790
    • 978 - Moeller, Bill. The Oregon Trail: a photographic journey. Mountain Press Pub. Co., 2001., 199p
      Presents more than seventy modern photos of sites along the historic Oregon Trail along with quotations by its nineteenth-century travelers and descriptions by the authors/photographers; and also provides phone numbers and Web addresses for visitors' sites along the trail.

      Fiction:

      • Frazier, Neta Lohnes. The stout-hearted seven: orphaned on the Oregon Trail. Sterling, c2006., RL 5.5, 193p
        Recounts the adventures of the seven Sager children, orphaned during their journey to Oregon where they were adopted by Marcus and Narcissa Whitman.
      • Gerrard, Roy. Wagons West! A young woman, her family and her neighbors team up and set off for better fortune out West in Oregon.

      • Gregory, Kristiana. Across the wide and lonesome prairie: the Oregon Trail diary of Hattie Campbell. Scholastic, c1997., RL 5.2, 168p
        In her diary, thirteen-year-old Hattie chronicles her family's arduous 1847 journey from Missouri to Oregon on the Oregon Trail.
        RC: 5.2  Lexile: 940

      • Hooks, William H. Pioneer Cat When a young pioneer girl smuggles a cat aboard the wagon train taking her family from Missouri to Oregon, it turns out to be very useful.

      • Kudlinski, Kathleen V. Facing west : a story of the Oregon Trail.  Puffin Books,  c1994., RL 2.5, 58p
        As his family sets out from Missouri to Oregon, young Ben wonders whether he will have more trouble with the dangers of the journey or his debilitating asthma.
        RC: 3.9 3 Lexile: 500 

      • Mercati, Cynthia. Wagons ho! : a diary of the Oregon Trail. Perfection Learning, c2000., RL 3.2, 56p
        Presents a series of fictional diary entries in which ten-year-old Liza describes her adventures traveling with her family in a covered wagon to Oregon in 1849.

      • Moeri, Louise. Save Queen of Sheba. After miraculously surviving a Sioux Indian raid on the trail to Oregon, a brother and sister set out with few provisions to find the rest of the settlers
      • Morrow, Honore. On to Oregon! The story of the epic journey of the Sager children by covered wagon from Missouri to Oregon in 1848.

      • Paulsen, Gary. Mr. Tucket. In 1848, while on a wagon train headed for Oregon, fourteen-year-old Francis Tucket is kidnapped by Pawnee Indians.

      • Stevens, Carla. Trouble for Lucy. As she and her family travel the Oregon Trail in 1843, Lucy's puppies persist in creating trouble.

      • Van Leeuwen, Jean. Bound for Oregon. A fictionalized account of the journey made by nine-year-old Mary Ellen Todd and her family from their home in Arkansas westward over the Oregon Trail in 1852.

        EALRs:

        • 3.2.1 Understands and analyzes how the environment affects cultural groups and how cultural groups affect the environment.
        • 5.4.1 Draws conclusions using at least two clear, specific and accurate examples in a paper or presentation.
        • 3.1.1 Understands and applies how maps and globes are used to display the regions of North America in the past and present.
        • 5.4.2 Prepares a list of resources, including the title and author for each source.

        Page prepared by Trish Henry, Prairie View Elementary

        thenry@mead.k12.wa.us



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